Dec 30, 2025

2025 USDA vegetable crop report: Record yields, lower prices and mixed markets

In 2025, the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) forecasts record-setting U.S. average yields for potatoes, California processing tomatoes and dry edible beans (excluding chickpeas), according to the USDA Vegetables and Pulses Outlook Report for December 2025.

The report shows that high yields partially offset year-over-year declines in planted acreage for all three commodities:

• The 2025 U.S. average potato yield is forecast at 461 hundredweight per acre, with year-over-year increases in 8 of the 13 NASS-surveyed states.
• Dry edible beans are forecast to average 2,203 pounds per acre, up 6% from 2024. Top dry bean–producing states — Michigan, North Dakota and Nebraska — are projected to set record state-level yields in 2025.

• The California processing tomato (contract only) yield is forecast at 55 tons per acre in 2025 — a 10% increase from 2024 and 13% higher than the previous five-year average.

Weather impacts

Fall 2025 was wet in the West but dry in the Southeast. In California, ample rain filled aquifers and reservoirs, helping resolve mild drought conditions in many vegetable-producing areas. In the southeastern United States, extreme weather did not damage crops, orchards or greenhouses, but fewer storms meant less precipitation. As a result, the worst drought conditions since 2011 developed in parts of Florida, particularly in the northern part of the state.

Fresh vegetables

In 2025, the fresh market vegetable sector saw a mixed year. Grower prices for key crops such as lettuce, onions, tomatoes, broccoli, cauliflower and celery decreased due to more favorable growing conditions compared with 2024. Although some reported prices increased in October 2025, year-to-date averages through October still trailed 2024 levels.

Processing vegetables

Processing tomatoes make up most of the processing vegetables grown in the United States by volume. In 2025, record yields for California processing tomatoes are expected to largely offset declines in contracted acreage.

Potatoes

The 2025 U.S. potato production forecast is 412.1 million hundredweight (cwt), down 2% from last year. The U.S. average yield forecast — 461 cwt per acre — is the highest on record and partially offsets a 3.5% decline in harvested acreage. Despite the smaller crop, fresh potato grower prices in the first two months of the marketing year (September–October) were lower than a year ago.

Mushrooms

In the 2024-25 crop year (July–June), the value of all mushrooms (Agaricus and specialty) reached $1.1 billion, up 1% ($11.3 million) from 2023-24.

Total mushroom sales volume rose 2% to 669.9 million pounds, driven by higher brown Agaricus and Shiitake production. Organic mushrooms represented about 8% of total volume. Preliminary 2024-25 per capita availability for all mushroom products (including truffles) is 3.5 pounds per person, a 5% increase from 2023-24.

Pulse crops

Production in 2025 for dry peas, lentils and chickpeas is forecast to increase by 23%, 22% and 32%, respectively, supported by higher yields. In contrast, dry bean production declined 4% in 2025 despite record-high yields averaging 2,203 pounds per acre, as acreage reductions outweighed yield gains. Grower prices across pulse crops are trending lower so far in the 2025-26 marketing year compared with the previous year.